The testicles are a paired organ located in a skin pouch and isolated from each other. Produces sperm and testosterone. In addition, it produces sperm. So, the testicles are the reproductive organ of every man.
Each egg is covered with a shell and, as a rule, one is smaller than the other. Their slight asymmetry is not a pathology, but a common phenomenon.
They descend into the scrotum just before birth. Their shape resembles an ellipse up to 5 cm long and 3. 5 cm wide. The average weight of one testicle is from 15 to 25 g. It has been proven that their volume directly depends on the place of residence and race. The scrotum protects the testicles from injury and extreme temperatures. Her skin is very sensitive, as is the organ as a whole. Therefore, even a slight pain in the testicles affects the state of the whole organism: mild nausea, nervousness, dizziness, etc.
There are cases when the question of why a man's balls hurt is sharply raised, the causes of this symptom can be different. Pain can have a different character: aching, pulling, throbbing, shooting. And most often a person cannot say what the reason was. In no case should you ignore unpleasant and painful sensations.
You need to make an appointment urgently. A urologist deals with determining the causes that cause certain types of pain. The doctor will examine and feel the testicles to determine whether there are inflammatory diseases: the presence of swelling, seals from the inside, signs of pain. If necessary, a complete examination will be carried out.
Symptoms that indicate problems in the testicles:
- the presence of a seal or a small tumor;
- pain on palpation or change in shape and size;
- the presence of pain that is not caused by any injury;
- pain lasting more than an hour after testicular injury;
- the presence of pulling, increased pain;
- elevated temperature.
Then we will take a closer look at why male balls hurt - the reasons that cause pain.
An injury. When the cause of the pain is an injury that occurred as a result of a mechanical impact. Its duration and strength are in direct proportion to the severity of the blow. A small bruise causes a sharp, short-lasting pain.
Severe pain from a severe injury can cause shock or lead to loss of consciousness. If discomfort occurs in the testicles, pay attention to the type of pain. If it does not pass for a long time and intensifies, then we can assume the presence of a chronic injury. Cuts and punctures are especially dangerous. In this case, urgent help is needed, otherwise there is a high probability of losing the testicles.
Twisting. It is still not clear why this happens, but the consequences of such a phenomenon are so serious that they can cause the death of the testicles. Acute pain suddenly occurs with torsion.
Blood circulation stops, and the vas deferens is compressed. In this case, consult a doctor immediately, no later than 7 hours later. As a rule, manual detorsion is performed first. If that doesn't help, then they resort to surgical intervention. Most often, this phenomenon occurs in youth.
Inflammation. It can be in the epididymis (epididymitis) and inside the testicle itself (orchitis). The cause of these diseases are viral and bacterial infections that are transmitted during sexual intercourse.
Epididymitis is characterized by pain on one side, which intensifies, swelling of the scrotum appears, urination is accompanied by pain and burning, white liquid is released from the urethra, body temperature rises, blood may be present in the semen.
Causes of the disease: prostatitis and urethritis, urethral infection, complications of tuberculosis. It can be acute or chronic. The duration of the initial phase lasts up to a month and a half. Inability to conceive will be the result of complications and untreated.
In the case of prolonged illness for more than six months, we can talk about chronic epididymitis. It is accompanied by deterioration of general well-being, weakening of the immune system, and inflammation passes into the skin bag. In orchitis, the testicles enlarge, which causes pain. There is a sudden increase in temperature, pain in the groin and lower back.
The sac of skin becomes smooth due to the overflow of blood. The pain intensifies when walking or exerting oneself. Such a phenomenon can be the result of trauma or contact with the patient (mumps, typhoid, tripe).
Unsatisfied sexual excitement. It also causes pain. Prolonged erection leads to blood stagnation. It usually goes away on its own and does not require any treatment.
Hernia. Penetration of organs from the peritoneum into the skin bag through the holes created in it. Visually it looks like a bulge in the groin or scrotum. It causes pain, especially on palpation. When they increase, nausea and vomiting occur. It can be concluded that there was an injury to the hernia. If surgery is not performed, necrosis with peritonitis may develop.
You can talk about prostatitis if you have the following symptoms:
- you feel a strong burning sensation during urination;
- increased attempts to urinate at night;
- constant urge and feeling of fullness;
- the presence of pain during ejaculation;
- the tip of the penis is the source of the pain.
Renal colic. When, as a result of urolithiasis, stones move along the urinary tract. The pain is so strong that it radiates into the scrotum. This often results in nausea and vomiting.
Varicocele. In this disease, the veins in the skin bag expand, which is accompanied by the appearance of protrusions around the egg and its size increases. It does not pose a danger to human health and does not cause great concern during his life. But with complications, it can lead to infertility. It is usually observed on the left (80-98%). This is due to the fact that veins from different sides flow in different ways.
Varicocele on both sides is observed only in 2-12% of cases, and on the right - 3-8%. The cause of this disease is the poor operation of the valves located in the blood vessels. With hard work or sports, as well as in a standing position, it leads to an increase in vessels. This is how the veins around the spermatic cord are inflated. Features of the anatomical location of the renal vein and superior artery can also cause such a disease.
Dropsy. Serous fluid accumulates in the shell of the testicles.
The result can be injuries, heart failure, damage to lymph nodes in the groin or in the pelvis.
There is an increase in the skin bag and the appearance of pain. It is diagnosed by simple probing, in special cases it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound. Removed during surgery.
Spermatoceles. An empty sac is formed in the testicle, filled with sperm fluid and does not reach a significant size. The skin bag is not deformed, it is not accompanied by pain. It can be discharged during ejaculation.
Tumors. Pain in the testicles can cause malignant tumors. Cryptorchidism can cause such a pathology. This disease occurs at birth, when the testicles do not descend into the skin bag, but remain in the abdomen, where the temperature is much higher. As a result, tumors of various etiologies arise.
Factors that cause tumors:
- genetic predisposition;
- testicular injury;
- testicular underdevelopment;
- surgical interventions;
- inability to conceive.
If you have been diagnosed with a malignant tumor, do not despair. Testicular cancer caught at an early stage can be treated quite effectively. This is why it is very important to see a doctor immediately if you feel any pain.
Painful testicles: causes in men, children and diagnostic methods
When the testicles hurt, the causes in men can be caused by various diseases that are typical for adults, but in children the reasons are often somewhat simpler.
Almost all pain that occurs is caused by trauma or wearing tight underwear. In addition to pain, there is scratching and irritation of the skin surface, and swelling often occurs.
Contusion of the testicles most often occurs during an active and highly mobile game, or during a child's fight, the child gets hit in the scrotum. Bruises also occur when riding a vehicle such as a bicycle (unsuccessful landing on a hard seat). Upon impact, pain occurs, the inner shell of the testicle is damaged and swelling occurs. The scrotum turns purple.
turn around the axis. In a normal healthy state, the testicles are attached to the "outside" inside the scrotum by the so-calledIn boys, it sometimes happens that the attachment is weak, so torsion occurs. Torsion of the blood vessels occurs by itself, due to which the blood flow is first disturbed, and then it can stop completely.
There is a sharp sharp pain, the testicle swells, tactile touch causes pain. This condition is accompanied by nausea and severe vomiting and cannot do without surgical intervention. In slightly older boys, damage can also occur to the vas deferens located on both sides of the testicles.
The testicle swells, one side of the scrotum, redness appears, pain is felt during palpation. Parotitis, commonly known as mumps, causes inflammation of the testicles as a complication. After therapy with numerous hormones, the risk of infertility is significantly reduced. Other diseases - dropsy, groin hernia, testicular underdevelopment, lack of one testicle in the scrotum. Sometimes young parents think that the child does not have a testicle.
They are absolutely there, they are just not where they should be, that is, they are not in the right place, not even in the scrotum. During fetal development, the testicles are located near the kidneys. As the fetus grows and develops, they somehow descend, and almost before birth they descend into the scrotum. Sometimes it happens that the testicles do not descend. This phenomenon is called cryptorchidism.
The disease does not cause any inconvenience or acute moodiness, but a person can have such a terrible disease as infertility already in adulthood due to such a disease. Therefore, an operation is performed (until the child is six years old) - the testicle is lowered into the scrotum.
When the testicle remains inside the abdominal cavity, a neoplasm is possible there. What to do to avoid irreversible consequences. How is the problem treated? What are the ways to solve it if the testicles hurt? The causes have been identified in men and children, now we need to come up with a treatment. Initially, you should contact a highly specialized doctor and go through a series of procedures for diagnosis.
The doctor examines the patient, examines him, and then sends him for laboratory tests:
- Donate blood.
- Urine is administered.
- If there is discharge from the glans penis, a urethral swab is performed.
- Mandatory ultrasound examination of the testicles.
Treatment is prescribed by the doctor depending on the cause of the pain.
Treatment of minor injuries, as well as bruises, is performed at home under the supervision of a doctor, therapy includes:
- Taking drugs that relieve inflammation, anesthetize.
- The scrotum is raised.
- Ice is applied to the injury site.
- If the scrotum is torn due to a bruise, then blood accumulates inside, and therefore treatment is not possible without timely surgical intervention.
Epididymitis. Most often, outpatient treatment is carried out, but if the situation is particularly neglected and difficult, then hospitalization is necessary.
treatment:
- Reception for 14 days of antibacterial drugs.
- Taking medications that reduce inflammation.
- Taking medication to relieve pain.
- Performing scrotal support.
- In case of complications, it cannot be done without surgery. What kind of complication is it? Specifically, about a scrotal abscess.
Inguinal hernia is treated exclusively with surgery.
If the patient agrees, then the treatment is completed on an outpatient basis, but at the same time the hernia, which is strangulated and causes pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, must be surgically corrected.
It does not matter how the cause caused the pain in the testicles, and therefore the treatment is carried out according to the prescription and strictly under medical supervision and supervision. You should not self-medicate, because the consequences can be irreversible, and because of stupidity, a person will lose a normal sex life, as well as the possibility of becoming a parent and continuing his race. All diseases can be avoided.
To do this, do not forget about personal hygiene and follow simple rules:
- lead a healthy lifestyle;
- eat properly and in a balanced way, adhere to the regime;
- be selective in sexual relations and remember to protect yourself;
- regular sex life is also the prevention of malignant tumors.
Check your testicles more often. You can do this in the bath when the skin is relaxed from the warm water. Take the leather pouch in the palm of your hand, one testicle may be slightly larger, but should be the same weight. Wrap the testicle in your fingers, feel it. Check for seals. Healthy testicles are elliptical in shape, not hard, smooth to the touch, without lumps.
Do this with both testicles. Carefully examine the spermatic cords. They should be smooth and elastic. Also check them on both testicles. Check the appendages on the back of the testicles. Small bumps should be soft and tender. If the disease has overtaken you, do not despair and do not panic. The main thing is to make a correct diagnosis.